![]() ![]() Recent work, however, has revealed new forms of heterogeneity that belie the crystalline cytoarchitecture of the cerebellar cortex. The contiguous lattice-like construction 2 of the cerebellar cortex has inspired several theories that expect such structural uniformity to be translated into homogeneous physiological function 3, 4. The cerebellum, a neural structure whose origins can be traced back to primitive marine species, has maintained the primary histological features of its cortical wiring throughout vertebrate evolution 1. Functional heterogeneity in neuronal profiles may not merely be the remit of the associative cerebral cortex, similar principles may be at play in subcortical areas, even those with seemingly crystalline and homogenous cytoarchitectures like the cerebellum. We also use cell-type specific chronic viral lesions to establish the involvement of cerebellar lobules in associative learning behaviors. We provide a computational model that inculcates recent anatomical insights into local microcircuit motifs to show the putative basis for such heterogeneity. Here, we show that the rodent cerebellar cortex supports heterogeneity in task-related neuronal activity at a scale similar to the cerebral cortex. Recently, similar local connectivity motifs have been discovered among Purkinje and molecular layer interneurons of the cerebellar cortex, however, task-related activity in these neurons has often been associated with relatively simple facilitation and suppression dynamics. Local feedforward and recurrent connectivity are rife in the frontal areas of the cerebral cortex, which gives rise to rich heterogeneous dynamics observed in such areas. ![]()
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